Caribbean Examinations Council (CXC) Caribbean History Practice Exam

The Mansfield Judgment is a pivotal legal decision in the history of enslaved individuals’ rights, particularly in England, prior to the abolition of slavery. Delivered by Lord Mansfield in 1772, the ruling determined that the enslavement of James Somerset, an enslaved African who had escaped, was not legally defendable while he was within England's jurisdiction. Although the judgment did not abolish slavery outright, it established a significant precedent that contributed to the growing opposition against slavery.

The ruling indicated that once an enslaved person set foot on British soil, they could not be forcibly returned to slavery without legal justification. This case fueled the abolitionist movement in Britain and influenced public opinion regarding the immorality of slavery. It pointed towards the notion that slavery was not compatible with English law, thereby challenging the institutions upholding it.

In contrast, the other choices involve different aspects of the legal and political landscape surrounding slavery but do not specifically focus on a key judgment that addressed enslaved individuals' rights directly, making the Mansfield Judgment particularly noteworthy in this context.